#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include <opencv2/core/utility.hpp>
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/calib3d.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp"
#include "opencv2/videoio.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"

#include <cctype>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>



using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

const char * usage =
" \nexample command line for calibration from a live feed.\n"
"   calibration  -w=4 -h=5 -s=0.025 -o=camera.yml -op -oe\n"
" \n"
" example command line for calibration from a list of stored images:\n"
"   imagelist_creator image_list.xml *.png\n"
"   calibration -w=4 -h=5 -s=0.025 -o=camera.yml -op -oe image_list.xml\n"
" where image_list.xml is the standard OpenCV XML/YAML\n"
" use imagelist_creator to create the xml or yaml list\n"
" file consisting of the list of strings, e.g.:\n"
" \n"
"<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n"
"<opencv_storage>\n"
"<images>\n"
"view000.png\n"
"view001.png\n"
"<!-- view002.png -->\n"
"view003.png\n"
"view010.png\n"
"one_extra_view.jpg\n"
"</images>\n"
"</opencv_storage>\n";




const char* liveCaptureHelp =
"When the live video from camera is used as input, the following hot-keys may be used:\n"
"  <ESC>, 'q' - quit the program\n"
"  'g' - start capturing images\n"
"  'u' - switch undistortion on/off\n";

static void help()
{
	printf("This is a camera calibration sample.\n"
		"Usage: calibration\n"
		"     -w=<board_width>         # the number of inner corners per one of board dimension\n"
		"     -h=<board_height>        # the number of inner corners per another board dimension\n"
		"     [-pt=<pattern>]          # the type of pattern: chessboard or circles' grid\n"
		"     [-n=<number_of_frames>]  # the number of frames to use for calibration\n"
		"                              # (if not specified, it will be set to the number\n"
		"                              #  of board views actually available)\n"
		"     [-d=<delay>]             # a minimum delay in ms between subsequent attempts to capture a next view\n"
		"                              # (used only for video capturing)\n"
		"     [-s=<squareSize>]       # square size in some user-defined units (1 by default)\n"
		"     [-o=<out_camera_params>] # the output filename for intrinsic [and extrinsic] parameters\n"
		"     [-op]                    # write detected feature points\n"
		"     [-oe]                    # write extrinsic parameters\n"
		"     [-zt]                    # assume zero tangential distortion\n"
		"     [-a=<aspectRatio>]      # fix aspect ratio (fx/fy)\n"
		"     [-p]                     # fix the principal point at the center\n"
		"     [-v]                     # flip the captured images around the horizontal axis\n"
		"     [-V]                     # use a video file, and not an image list, uses\n"
		"                              # [input_data] string for the video file name\n"
		"     [-su]                    # show undistorted images after calibration\n"
		"     [input_data]             # input data, one of the following:\n"
		"                              #  - text file with a list of the images of the board\n"
		"                              #    the text file can be generated with imagelist_creator\n"
		"                              #  - name of video file with a video of the board\n"
		"                              # if input_data not specified, a live view from the camera is used\n"
		"\n");
	printf("\n%s", usage);
	printf("\n%s", liveCaptureHelp);
}

enum { DETECTION = 0, CAPTURING = 1, CALIBRATED = 2 };
enum Pattern { CHESSBOARD, CIRCLES_GRID, ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID };

static double computeReprojectionErrors(
	const vector<vector<Point3f> >& objectPoints,
	const vector<vector<Point2f> >& imagePoints,
	const vector<Mat>& rvecs, const vector<Mat>& tvecs,
	const Mat& cameraMatrix, const Mat& distCoeffs,
	vector<float>& perViewErrors)
{
	vector<Point2f> imagePoints2;
	int i, totalPoints = 0;
	double totalErr = 0, err;
	perViewErrors.resize(objectPoints.size());

	for (i = 0; i < (int)objectPoints.size(); i++)
	{
		projectPoints(Mat(objectPoints[i]), rvecs[i], tvecs[i],
			cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imagePoints2);
		err = norm(Mat(imagePoints[i]), Mat(imagePoints2), NORM_L2);
		int n = (int)objectPoints[i].size();
		perViewErrors[i] = (float)std::sqrt(err*err / n);
		totalErr += err*err;
		totalPoints += n;
	}

	return std::sqrt(totalErr / totalPoints);
}

static void calcChessboardCorners(Size boardSize, float squareSize, vector<Point3f>& corners, Pattern patternType = CHESSBOARD)
{
	corners.resize(0);

	switch (patternType)
	{
	case CHESSBOARD:
	case CIRCLES_GRID:
		for (int i = 0; i < boardSize.height; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < boardSize.width; j++)
				corners.push_back(Point3f(float(j*squareSize),
					float(i*squareSize), 0));
		break;

	case ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID:
		for (int i = 0; i < boardSize.height; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < boardSize.width; j++)
				corners.push_back(Point3f(float((2 * j + i % 2)*squareSize),
					float(i*squareSize), 0));
		break;

	default:
		CV_Error(Error::StsBadArg, "Unknown pattern type\n");
	}
}

static bool runCalibration(vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints,
	Size imageSize, Size boardSize, Pattern patternType,
	float squareSize, float aspectRatio,
	int flags, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs,
	vector<Mat>& rvecs, vector<Mat>& tvecs,
	vector<float>& reprojErrs,
	double& totalAvgErr)
{
	cameraMatrix = Mat::eye(3, 3, CV_64F);
	if (flags & CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO)
		cameraMatrix.at<double>(0, 0) = aspectRatio;

	distCoeffs = Mat::zeros(8, 1, CV_64F);

	vector<vector<Point3f> > objectPoints(1);
	calcChessboardCorners(boardSize, squareSize, objectPoints[0], patternType);

	objectPoints.resize(imagePoints.size(), objectPoints[0]);

	double rms = calibrateCamera(objectPoints, imagePoints, imageSize, cameraMatrix,
		distCoeffs, rvecs, tvecs, flags | CALIB_FIX_K4 | CALIB_FIX_K5);
	///*|CALIB_FIX_K3*/|CALIB_FIX_K4|CALIB_FIX_K5);
	printf("RMS error reported by calibrateCamera: %g\n", rms);

	bool ok = checkRange(cameraMatrix) && checkRange(distCoeffs);

	totalAvgErr = computeReprojectionErrors(objectPoints, imagePoints,
		rvecs, tvecs, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, reprojErrs);

	return ok;
}


static void saveCameraParams(const string& filename,
	Size imageSize, Size boardSize,
	float squareSize, float aspectRatio, int flags,
	const Mat& cameraMatrix, const Mat& distCoeffs,
	const vector<Mat>& rvecs, const vector<Mat>& tvecs,
	const vector<float>& reprojErrs,
	const vector<vector<Point2f> >& imagePoints,
	double totalAvgErr)
{
	FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::WRITE);

	time_t tt;
	time(&tt);
	struct tm *t2 = localtime(&tt);
	char buf[1024];
	strftime(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "%c", t2);

	fs << "calibration_time" << buf;

	if (!rvecs.empty() || !reprojErrs.empty())
		fs << "nframes" << (int)std::max(rvecs.size(), reprojErrs.size());
	fs << "image_width" << imageSize.width;
	fs << "image_height" << imageSize.height;
	fs << "board_width" << boardSize.width;
	fs << "board_height" << boardSize.height;
	fs << "square_size" << squareSize;

	if (flags & CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO)
		fs << "aspectRatio" << aspectRatio;

	if (flags != 0)
	{
		sprintf(buf, "flags: %s%s%s%s",
			flags & CALIB_USE_INTRINSIC_GUESS ? "+use_intrinsic_guess" : "",
			flags & CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO ? "+fix_aspectRatio" : "",
			flags & CALIB_FIX_PRINCIPAL_POINT ? "+fix_principal_point" : "",
			flags & CALIB_ZERO_TANGENT_DIST ? "+zero_tangent_dist" : "");
		//cvWriteComment( *fs, buf, 0 );
	}

	fs << "flags" << flags;

	fs << "camera_matrix" << cameraMatrix;
	fs << "distortion_coefficients" << distCoeffs;

	fs << "avg_reprojection_error" << totalAvgErr;
	if (!reprojErrs.empty())
		fs << "per_view_reprojection_errors" << Mat(reprojErrs);

	if (!rvecs.empty() && !tvecs.empty())
	{
		CV_Assert(rvecs[0].type() == tvecs[0].type());
		Mat bigmat((int)rvecs.size(), 6, rvecs[0].type());
		for (int i = 0; i < (int)rvecs.size(); i++)
		{
			Mat r = bigmat(Range(i, i + 1), Range(0, 3));
			Mat t = bigmat(Range(i, i + 1), Range(3, 6));

			CV_Assert(rvecs[i].rows == 3 && rvecs[i].cols == 1);
			CV_Assert(tvecs[i].rows == 3 && tvecs[i].cols == 1);
			//*.t() is MatExpr (not Mat) so we can use assignment operator
			r = rvecs[i].t();
			t = tvecs[i].t();
		}
		//cvWriteComment( *fs, "a set of 6-tuples (rotation vector + translation vector) for each view", 0 );
		fs << "extrinsic_parameters" << bigmat;
	}

	if (!imagePoints.empty())
	{
		Mat imagePtMat((int)imagePoints.size(), (int)imagePoints[0].size(), CV_32FC2);
		for (int i = 0; i < (int)imagePoints.size(); i++)
		{
			Mat r = imagePtMat.row(i).reshape(2, imagePtMat.cols);
			Mat imgpti(imagePoints[i]);
			imgpti.copyTo(r);
		}
		fs << "image_points" << imagePtMat;
	}
}

static bool readStringList(const string& filename, vector<string>& l)
{
	l.resize(0);
	FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::READ);
	if (!fs.isOpened())
		return false;
	FileNode n = fs.getFirstTopLevelNode();
	if (n.type() != FileNode::SEQ)
		return false;
	FileNodeIterator it = n.begin(), it_end = n.end();
	for (; it != it_end; ++it)
		l.push_back((string)*it);
	return true;
}


static bool runAndSave(const string& outputFilename,
	const vector<vector<Point2f> >& imagePoints,
	Size imageSize, Size boardSize, Pattern patternType, float squareSize,
	float aspectRatio, int flags, Mat& cameraMatrix,
	Mat& distCoeffs, bool writeExtrinsics, bool writePoints)
{
	vector<Mat> rvecs, tvecs;
	vector<float> reprojErrs;
	double totalAvgErr = 0;

	bool ok = runCalibration(imagePoints, imageSize, boardSize, patternType, squareSize,
		aspectRatio, flags, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs,
		rvecs, tvecs, reprojErrs, totalAvgErr);
	printf("%s. avg reprojection error = %.2f\n",
		ok ? "Calibration succeeded" : "Calibration failed",
		totalAvgErr);

	if (ok)
		saveCameraParams(outputFilename, imageSize,
			boardSize, squareSize, aspectRatio,
			flags, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs,
			writeExtrinsics ? rvecs : vector<Mat>(),
			writeExtrinsics ? tvecs : vector<Mat>(),
			writeExtrinsics ? reprojErrs : vector<float>(),
			writePoints ? imagePoints : vector<vector<Point2f> >(),
			totalAvgErr);
	return ok;
}


int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	Size boardSize, imageSize;
	float squareSize, aspectRatio;
	Mat cameraMatrix, distCoeffs;
	string outputFilename;
	string inputFilename = "";

	int i, nframes;
	bool writeExtrinsics, writePoints;
	bool undistortImage = false;
	int flags = 0;
	VideoCapture capture;
	bool flipVertical;
	bool showUndistorted;
	bool videofile;
	int delay;
	clock_t prevTimestamp = 0;
	int mode = DETECTION;
	int cameraId = 0;
	vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints;
	vector<string> imageList;
	Pattern pattern = CHESSBOARD;

	argc = 8;

	argv[0] = "ex.exe";
	argv[1] = "-w=4";
	argv[2] = "-h=5";
	argv[3] = "-s=0.025";
	argv[4] = "-o=camera.yml";
	argv[5] = "-op";
	argv[6] = "-oe";
	argv[7] = "iml.xml";

	cv::CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv,
		"{help ||}{w||}{h||}{pt|chessboard|}{n|10|}{d|1000|}{s|1|}{o|out_camera_data.yml|}"
		"{op||}{oe||}{zt||}{a|1|}{p||}{v||}{V||}{su||}"
		"{@input_data|0|}");
	if (parser.has("help"))
	{
		help();
		return 0;
	}
	boardSize.width = parser.get<int>("w");
	boardSize.height = parser.get<int>("h");
	if (parser.has("pt"))
	{
		string val = parser.get<string>("pt");
		if (val == "circles")
			pattern = CIRCLES_GRID;
		else if (val == "acircles")
			pattern = ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID;
		else if (val == "chessboard")
			pattern = CHESSBOARD;
		else
			return fprintf(stderr, "Invalid pattern type: must be chessboard or circles\n"), -1;
	}
	squareSize = parser.get<float>("s");
	nframes = parser.get<int>("n");
	aspectRatio = parser.get<float>("a");
	delay = parser.get<int>("d");
	writePoints = parser.has("op");
	writeExtrinsics = parser.has("oe");
	if (parser.has("a"))
		flags |= CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO;
	if (parser.has("zt"))
		flags |= CALIB_ZERO_TANGENT_DIST;
	if (parser.has("p"))
		flags |= CALIB_FIX_PRINCIPAL_POINT;
	flipVertical = parser.has("v");
	videofile = parser.has("V");
	if (parser.has("o"))
		outputFilename = parser.get<string>("o");
	showUndistorted = parser.has("su");
	if (isdigit(parser.get<string>("@input_data")[0]))
		cameraId = parser.get<int>("@input_data");
	else
		inputFilename = parser.get<string>("@input_data");
	if (!parser.check())
	{
		help();
		parser.printErrors();
		return -1;
	}
	if (squareSize <= 0)
		return fprintf(stderr, "Invalid board square width\n"), -1;
	if (nframes <= 3)
		return printf("Invalid number of images\n"), -1;
	if (aspectRatio <= 0)
		return printf("Invalid aspect ratio\n"), -1;
	if (delay <= 0)
		return printf("Invalid delay\n"), -1;
	if (boardSize.width <= 0)
		return fprintf(stderr, "Invalid board width\n"), -1;
	if (boardSize.height <= 0)
		return fprintf(stderr, "Invalid board height\n"), -1;

	if (!inputFilename.empty())
	{
		if (!videofile && readStringList(inputFilename, imageList))
			mode = CAPTURING;
		else
			capture.open(inputFilename);
	}
	else
		capture.open(cameraId);

	if (!capture.isOpened() && imageList.empty())
		return fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize video (%d) capture\n", cameraId), -2;

	if (!imageList.empty())
		nframes = (int)imageList.size();

	if (capture.isOpened())
		printf("%s", liveCaptureHelp);

	namedWindow("Image View", 1);

	for (i = 0;; i++)
	{
		Mat view, viewGray;
		bool blink = false;

		if (capture.isOpened())
		{
			Mat view0;
			capture >> view0;
			view0.copyTo(view);
		}
		else if (i < (int)imageList.size())
			view = imread(imageList[i], 1);

		if (view.empty())
		{
			if (imagePoints.size() > 0)
				runAndSave(outputFilename, imagePoints, imageSize,
					boardSize, pattern, squareSize, aspectRatio,
					flags, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs,
					writeExtrinsics, writePoints);
			break;
		}

		imageSize = view.size();

		if (flipVertical)
			flip(view, view, 0);

		vector<Point2f> pointbuf;
		cvtColor(view, viewGray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);

		bool found;
		switch (pattern)
		{
		case CHESSBOARD:
			found = findChessboardCorners(view, boardSize, pointbuf,
				CALIB_CB_ADAPTIVE_THRESH | CALIB_CB_FAST_CHECK | CALIB_CB_NORMALIZE_IMAGE);
			break;
		case CIRCLES_GRID:
			found = findCirclesGrid(view, boardSize, pointbuf);
			break;
		case ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID:
			found = findCirclesGrid(view, boardSize, pointbuf, CALIB_CB_ASYMMETRIC_GRID);
			break;
		default:
			return fprintf(stderr, "Unknown pattern type\n"), -1;
		}

		// improve the found corners' coordinate accuracy
		if (pattern == CHESSBOARD && found) cornerSubPix(viewGray, pointbuf, Size(11, 11),
			Size(-1, -1), TermCriteria(TermCriteria::EPS + TermCriteria::COUNT, 30, 0.1));

		if (mode == CAPTURING && found &&
			(!capture.isOpened() || clock() - prevTimestamp > delay*1e-3*CLOCKS_PER_SEC))
		{
			imagePoints.push_back(pointbuf);
			prevTimestamp = clock();
			blink = capture.isOpened();
		}

		if (found)
			drawChessboardCorners(view, boardSize, Mat(pointbuf), found);

		string msg = mode == CAPTURING ? "100/100" :
			mode == CALIBRATED ? "Calibrated" : "Press 'g' to start";
		int baseLine = 0;
		Size textSize = getTextSize(msg, 1, 1, 1, &baseLine);
		Point textOrigin(view.cols - 2 * textSize.width - 10, view.rows - 2 * baseLine - 10);

		if (mode == CAPTURING)
		{
			if (undistortImage)
				msg = format("%d/%d Undist", (int)imagePoints.size(), nframes);
			else
				msg = format("%d/%d", (int)imagePoints.size(), nframes);
		}

		putText(view, msg, textOrigin, 1, 1,
			mode != CALIBRATED ? Scalar(0, 0, 255) : Scalar(0, 255, 0));

		if (blink)
			bitwise_not(view, view);

		if (mode == CALIBRATED && undistortImage)
		{
			Mat temp = view.clone();
			undistort(temp, view, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs);
		}

		imshow("Image View", view);
		char key = (char)waitKey(capture.isOpened() ? 50 : 500);

		if (key == 27)
			break;

		if (key == 'u' && mode == CALIBRATED)
			undistortImage = !undistortImage;

		if (capture.isOpened() && key == 'g')
		{
			mode = CAPTURING;
			imagePoints.clear();
		}

		if (mode == CAPTURING && imagePoints.size() >= (unsigned)nframes)
		{
			if (runAndSave(outputFilename, imagePoints, imageSize,
				boardSize, pattern, squareSize, aspectRatio,
				flags, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs,
				writeExtrinsics, writePoints))
				mode = CALIBRATED;
			else
				mode = DETECTION;
			if (!capture.isOpened())
				break;
		}
	}

	if (!capture.isOpened() && showUndistorted)
	{
		Mat view, rview, map1, map2;
		initUndistortRectifyMap(cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, Mat(),
			getOptimalNewCameraMatrix(cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imageSize, 1, imageSize, 0),
			imageSize, CV_16SC2, map1, map2);

		for (i = 0; i < (int)imageList.size(); i++)
		{
			view = imread(imageList[i], 1);
			if (view.empty())
				continue;
			//undistort( view, rview, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, cameraMatrix );
			remap(view, rview, map1, map2, INTER_LINEAR);
			imshow("Image View", rview);
			char c = (char)waitKey();
			if (c == 27 || c == 'q' || c == 'Q')
				break;
		}
	}
	waitKey();
	return 0;
}
